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Big Timber Creek
Big Timber Creek is a 〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed April 1, 2011〕 stream in southwestern New Jersey, United States, and is also known by the name 'Tetamekanchz Kyl' by the Lenape tribes. It drains a watershed of . A tributary of the Delaware River, it enters the Delaware between the boroughs of Brooklawn and Westville, just south Gloucester City and across from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The main stream and South Branch form about half of the border between Camden and Gloucester counties.
Pre-Columbian Big Timber Creek was home to numerous villages of the Lenni Lenape. In colonial times, the creek was a commercial waterway, and it powered a multitude of mills up through the 1950s. In the second half of the 20th century it suffered the ill effects of the rapid post–World War II development that plagued many of America's waterways. As of 2007, it had recovered somewhat, thanks to pollution controls and improvements in sewage treatment.
==The name==
The creek was named ''Tetamekanchz'' by the local Lenape tribe, with the North Branch named ''Tetamekanchz'', the Chews Landing section named ''Arwames'', Beaver Branch called ''Tekoke'', and Little Timber Creek named ''Sassackon''.〔Mickle, Isaac (), 1845. Accessed January 4, 2008.〕 The earliest recorded use of the current name is by an early Dutch explorer, David P. DeVries, who refers to a ''Timmer Kill'', "Timber Creek" in Dutch, in his memoirs of his journey of 1630–1633, after the construction of Fort Nassau at its mouth.〔Cleary, William E. (History of Fort Nassau ), February 18, 2007. Accessed September 5, 2007.〕 This name became anglicized when the Quakers arrived. In 1697, the West Jersey Proprietors, in creating the town of Gloucester, decreed that the name be the "Gloucester River", and although that name did appear in documents for several years, it faded away. A much smaller creek lying to the north, Little Timber Creek, finds the Delaware at the same place as its larger namesake. To differentiate between the two, the latter came to be known as "Great Timber Creek", which soon became "Big Timber Creek". Even so, at the end of the 20th century it was still usually referred to in speech as simply "Timber Creek".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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